¿Cuándo usamos el Pretérito perfecto o indefinido en español?
Una de las dificultades comunes entre los estudiantes de español es saber diferenciar cuándo usar el Pretérito Perfecto y el Indefinido.
PRETÉRITO PERFECTO
Usamos el «Pretérito Perfecto» cuando hablamos de acciones o cosas relacionadas con el presente: el día, la semana, el mes, la Navidad. Por ejemplo:
He trabajado mucho esta semana / I have worked a lot this week.
«Esta semana», todavía no ha acabado la semana.
PRETÉRITO INDEFINIDO
Usamos el «Indefinido» cuando no estamos hablando de acciones o cosas relacionadas con el presente: un día, una semana, un mes, una Navidad, en 1984, esa vez, ayer. (La información no está relacionada con el presente. Se termina)


Algunas palabras que nos indican el uso del «Pretérito Perfecto» son:
- Hoy.
- A las 4, a las 6.
- Esta mañana, Esta tarde, Esta semana.
- Este mes, Este año.
- Este invierno, Este otoño.
- Todavía no, aun no, ya.
- Hasta ahora.
- En mi vida.
- Nunca.
- Por fin.
- Siempre.
- ¿Alguna vez? / ¿Cuántas veces?
The common signal words that indicate the “Indefinido” are:
- Ayer, Anteayer.
- El otro día.
- Anoche, Anteanoche.
- La semana pasada.
- El mes, el año pasado.
- En + año/mes.
- Hace+ cantidad de tiempo + que + indefinido.
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Expresiones relacionadas
Aprende español con Taronja School
Con nuestros cursos de español puedes mejorar tu expresión oral y aprender de una forma divertida y amena cómo somos los españoles.
¿Qué opinan nuestros alumnos de nuestros cursos de español?
Estas son algunas de las opiniones de nuestros alumnos. ¡Los premios nos los dais vosotros!
Grant Gibbs
Did a week here as part of my trip around España in November 2019. This was a very good experience. It is true what people say about this place, it is more than just a Language school, it is a full immersion trip into Spanish culture.
I very much enjoyed my time here and met some proper tidy folks. my only problem was that i couldn't spend a 2nd week here due to timings. Because of this, i feel i missed out on a lot of the extra activities due to the zig zag schedule and not being present for the switch-round in the 2nd week.
All in all though this was excellent and well worth the money. a 2nd trip is definitely on the cards for 2020 for at least 2-3 weeks. Tengo que volver a Valencia pronto!!!
I very much enjoyed my time here and met some proper tidy folks. my only problem was that i couldn't spend a 2nd week here due to timings. Because of this, i feel i missed out on a lot of the extra activities due to the zig zag schedule and not being present for the switch-round in the 2nd week.
All in all though this was excellent and well worth the money. a 2nd trip is definitely on the cards for 2020 for at least 2-3 weeks. Tengo que volver a Valencia pronto!!!
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Shirley Verbruggen
Amazing school! Learned a lot here, even more than at my own school in The Netherlands. Love the way they teach and how they interact with you. Always small groups of different levels so it’s easier to learn. Many nationalities and a lot of motivated and happy people study here 🙂
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Eva S
Entering the school through a beautiful massive and decorative door (on a street where you’d love to have your coffee and lunchbreaks), the inside will surprise you even more: an explosion of colours, art and atmosphere. And that’s what the teachers carry out too: such passion and enthusiasm. But the learning doesn’t stop as soon as class comes to an end. Taronja organises plenty of very fun, optional activities. In the afternoon, evening and even in the weekends. No chance to get bored here… I’m going to stay longer!
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Caroline C.
I spent one week at Taronja School, studying A1 Spanish and would go back in a heartbeat💕. The small classes were very engaging, and teachers were enthusiastic and caring. Taronja is much more than classes though, every night they had engaging activities where you could practice Spanish with fellow classmates and explore new places all over Valencia, and beyond with the teachers and ambassadors of the school. I had so much fun and met the most wonderful people from all over the world. I am in my 50s which I think is significant because they truly treated every person like family and had a group Buena Vida for people over 27 😂 to connect and be able to do things together. I'm really looking forward to going back In the future. They also have housing at a reasonable rate if you're staying for a longer period of time . Thank you Taronja☀️💐🎉
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Kim Jautze
I’ve been at the Taronja school for only one week but I’ve had a great experience with the teachers, the methods that they use (which are super interactive and fun) and the organization of the school. I would definitely recommend this school if you want to learn Spanish in Spain!
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Caitriona Cuddy
I would highly recommend this language school, with its competent teachers who are innovative and interested in their students. The material used is always of an excellent standard. The school has two bright buildings and there is a calendar of events each week both for students attending and those taking classes online.
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