¿Cuándo usamos el Pretérito perfecto o indefinido en español?

Una de las dificultades comunes entre los estudiantes de español es saber diferenciar cuándo usar el Pretérito Perfecto y el Indefinido.

PRETÉRITO PERFECTO

Usamos el «Pretérito Perfecto» cuando hablamos de acciones o cosas relacionadas con el presente: el día, la semana, el mes, la Navidad. Por ejemplo:

He trabajado mucho esta semana / I have worked a lot this week.

«Esta semana», todavía no ha acabado la semana.

PRETÉRITO INDEFINIDO

Usamos el «Indefinido» cuando no estamos hablando de acciones o cosas relacionadas con el presente: un día, una semana, un mes, una Navidad, en 1984, esa vez, ayer. (La información no está relacionada con el presente. Se termina)

¿Cuándo usamos el Pretérito perfecto o indefinido en español? 1
Spanish lessons, pretérito indefinido

Algunas palabras que nos indican el uso del «Pretérito Perfecto» son:

  • Hoy.
  • A las 4, a las 6.
  • Esta mañana, Esta tarde, Esta semana.
  • Este mes, Este año.
  • Este invierno, Este otoño.
  • Todavía no, aun no, ya.
  • Hasta ahora.
  • En mi vida.
  • Nunca.
  • Por fin.
  • Siempre.
  • ¿Alguna vez? / ¿Cuántas veces?

The common signal words that indicate the “Indefinido” are:

  • Ayer, Anteayer. 
  • El otro día.
  • Anoche, Anteanoche.
  • La semana pasada.
  • El mes, el año pasado.
  • En + año/mes.
  • Hace+ cantidad de tiempo + que + indefinido.

Aprende español con Taronja School


Con nuestros cursos de español puedes mejorar tu expresión oral y aprender de una forma divertida y amena cómo somos los españoles.

¿Qué opinan nuestros alumnos de nuestros cursos de español?


Estas son algunas de las opiniones de nuestros alumnos. ¡Los premios nos los dais vosotros!

¿Cuándo usamos el Pretérito perfecto o indefinido en español? 3
Sarah Guck Avatar
Sarah Guck
Finally I totally recommend Taronja in Valencia!
I have learned a lot en espagñol!
Before my course I could speak nada, but afterwards not directly fluently, but I can talk with people and friends now de España, who I met here during my stay and of participating on actividades de escuela.
Everybody is very polite and open for questions, especially about espagñol 🙂
Summary I would choose this escuela otra vez!
¡Hasta luego!
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Nathalie B. Avatar
Nathalie B.
I am student who just finished high school and decided to take a gap year and learn a language. One of my friends was in Taronja School last year for 3 months and she loved it, so she recommended me to spend some time there in Valencia. I spent 6 months in the school and had one of the best times of my life. I arrived with a very low spanish level, and weeks after weeks, I could see my progress. Later in October, I felt confortable enough with my spanish to take the DELE-B2 preparation lessons at the school as well. Coming to Valencia, I never thought I would improve that fast. Even more, the teachers are very nice and pay attention to every student in the class. Finally, what makes the school also so special are the activities, they make it very easy to meet other students and make friends as soon as you arrive. I definitely wanna come back again!
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Stewart Auyash Avatar
Stewart Auyash
I love Taronja and could not have asked for a better overall experience. I have a friendly recommendation for the school. I think the professors should provide more evaluative comments to students after the week of classes especially for students who stay more than one week. I would like to know: How am I doing? What do I need to work on? What advice do you have for me to practice out of class? This need not be summative or extensive possibly just a few minutes. This could be optional for the students who would like the feedback.
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GrandTour674533 Avatar
GrandTour674533
5 star rating
Very Worthwhile It's been 50 years since I went to 'school' and it was with much trepidation that I booked to go to the Taronja school. I had imagined that I would be the old man amongst youngsters in the class, but although I was the oldest there, I found we represented a good cross section of ages.
The first couple of hours in class was rather difficult, but that was because I felt a long way behind the other students regarding ability. There were 2 reasons for this, firstly the first subject of the day was about regular and irregular verbs, which is, at least for me and some of the others, difficult, but I soon began to make headway thanks to the excellent teacher. Secondly, I really should have attended the previous week as well; purely my mistake when I booked online.
When I look back at the week at the Taronja school and the amount I have learnt I am very impressed and I would go back for more but unfortunately it's a very long way from home and being a family man I just can't justify it but if it was within daily travelling distance I would be happy to spend many weeks there. I am considering using their online courses, but we'll see.
For anybody thinking about going to the Taronja school, just do it!
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Grant Gibbs Avatar
Grant Gibbs
Did a week here as part of my trip around España in November 2019. This was a very good experience. It is true what people say about this place, it is more than just a Language school, it is a full immersion trip into Spanish culture.
I very much enjoyed my time here and met some proper tidy folks. my only problem was that i couldn't spend a 2nd week here due to timings. Because of this, i feel i missed out on a lot of the extra activities due to the zig zag schedule and not being present for the switch-round in the 2nd week.
All in all though this was excellent and well worth the money. a 2nd trip is definitely on the cards for 2020 for at least 2-3 weeks. Tengo que volver a Valencia pronto!!!
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TatevikMar Avatar
TatevikMar
5 star rating
Intensiv course spanish Spent a wonderful week here and met wonderful people. All teachers are extremely friendly and courteous. Thanks for everything<3
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robertadpn
5 star rating
Scuola stupenda Ho frequentato questa scuola per un mese!
Qualità prezzo ottima! Professori super preparati e disponibili.
Scuola accogliente e sono sempre pronti ad aiutarti! Attività divertenti
Consiglio vivamente!
Molto positiva!
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Franziska Wied Avatar
Franziska Wied
I'm in the school since 3 weeks to learn spanish and I know that when I'm ready with the courses in 2 months, i can live here in Valencia with out much problems to speak the language. The course with the changing times and teachers is very cool. Also with the activities in the evenings. It's a school where it is fun to learn..!!
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