Diferencias entre «ser» y «estar»

Diferencias entre «ser» y «estar»: domina estos verbos

Hoy nos embarcamos en una aventura lingüística para desentrañar los misterios de dos verbos españoles que a menudo desconciertan a los estudiantes: ‘ser’ y ‘estar’.

Differences between Ser and Estar

Estos verbos, que en inglés se traducen como ‘to be’, son el dúo carismático de la lengua española. Pero no te preocupes. Estamos aquí para descifrar sus diferencias y usos, y añadir algunos ejercicios y pruebas divertidos para que tu viaje de aprendizaje sea tan agradable como un paseo por las vibrantes calles de Valencia.

1.Entiende el uso de ‘Ser’

«Ser» es como los cimientos de un edificio: se utiliza para describir atributos permanentes o duraderos. Es el verbo que trata de la esencia de las cosas. Aquí es donde se utiliza «ser»:

  • Identidad: «Yo soy Juan».
  • Origen: «Ella es de España».
  • Tiempo: «Son las ocho».
  • Características: «El cielo es azul».

2. Entiende el uso de ‘Estar’

«Estar», en cambio, es el verbo del cambio y la condición. Es como los colores cambiantes del cielo a lo largo del día. Utiliza ‘estar’ para:

  • Localización: «Estoy en la escuela».
  • Estados temporales: «Estás cansado».
  • Emociones: «Estamos felices».
  • Acciones en curso (tiempos progresivos); «Están comiendo».

3. Ser vs. Estar: La confusión se aclara

A veces, elegir entre «ser» y «estar» puede cambiar por completo el significado de una frase. Por ejemplo:

  • «Eres aburrido» (You are boring – una característica) vs. «Estás aburrido» (You are bored – un estado temporal).
  • «Es seguro» (It’s safe – una cualidad permanente) vs. «Está seguro» (It’s safe – una condición temporal).
  • «Soy feliz». Normalmente, suelo ser feliz (olvidemos los malos momentos).
  • «Estoy feliz». Por el momento, ahora me siento feliz, después de haberlo pasado mal, o independientemente de si mañana seré igual de feliz o si, por el contrario, una piedra en el camino…

4. Consejos para dominarlo

  • Recuerda, ‘ser’ es para lo que algo es, y ‘estar’ es para cómo algo es.
  • Utilice recursos mnemotécnicos. Para ‘ser’, piensa en DOCTOR (Descripción, Ocupación, Características, Tiempo, Origen, Relación). Para «estar», recuerda PLACE (Posición, Localización, Acción, Condición, Emoción).
  • ¡Practica, practica, practica!

Conclusión

Dominar las diferencias entre «ser» y «estar» es como aprender a bailar: requiere práctica, pero una vez que lo consigas, fluirás con el ritmo de la lengua española sin esfuerzo. Sigue practicando, mantén la curiosidad y, lo más importante, ¡diviértete!

¡Hasta luego!

Ejercicios prácticos

1. Rellena los huecos

¡Es tu turno! Rellena los espacios en blanco con la forma correcta de los verbos SER o ESTAR.

2. Rellena los huecos

Completemos las siguientes frases con las formas de SER o ESTAR en pretérito perfecto, pretérito indefinido o pretérito imperfecto.

3. Agrupar por importancia

Agrupa los siguientes atributos en «ser» o «estar».

¿Cuál es tu nivel de español?

Haz el test para descubrir qué curso es el más apto para ti.

Diferencias entre "ser" y "estar" 1

Aprende español con Taronja School


Con nuestros cursos de español puedes mejorar tu expresión oral y aprender de una forma divertida y amena cómo somos los españoles.

¿Qué opinan nuestros alumnos de nuestros cursos de español?


Estas son algunas de las opiniones de nuestros alumnos. ¡Los premios nos los dais vosotros!

Diferencias entre "ser" y "estar" 3
sandra15x9 Avatar
sandra15x9
I spent 3 months at the Taronja School and had the best time ever! I started from scratch but the school and its methods taught me Spanish very well. You can make a lot of friends through the activities and experience a lot of culture for a small price. I'd recommend going there for your Spanish studies as well as for the fun.
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albina_kuligina
5 star rating
Лучшая школа для изучения испанского языка В июле 2019 года с подругой по рекомендации преподавателя из университета поехали в Taronja School, чтобы повысить уровень испанского языка. Я брала двухнедельный интенсивный курс + conversation workshop. Результат превзошёл все ожидания! Особенно важным для меня стало исчезновение так называемого "языкового барьера". Отдельно стоит отметить приятную атмосферу и дополнительные занятия, которые позволяют углубиться в культуру Испании, а также познакомиться с другими студентами Таронхи. Все возникающие проблемы решались очень быстро, не причиняя никаких неудобств. Без сомнений, вернусь сюда снова!
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Gideon Hammond Avatar
Gideon Hammond
OVERALL As a school teacher (of Maths and some other things), I had supported the Spanish trip here with my pupils in April 2023. I could see what a transformative experience it was for them so much so that I wanted it for myself. My time at Taronja can only be described as excellent. Everyone at the school tries to ensure you have the best time possible which is impressive based on the carousel of students who come-and-go each week. All the staff treated me with kindness and respect. Thank you to Maxi and Fernando for running such a unique place. The last 4 weeks at Taronja have been exciting, interesting, eventful, busy, enjoyable and compact with information. The last time I studied a language was 14 years ago. I was not very keen on languages in school but my time spent at Taronja has made me believe that I can learn a language to a much higher level than I ever thought possible. That alone has been worth it. LEARNING EXPERIENCE The teachers were fun and engaging. As an absolute beginner, I did the Intensive course + conversation class + private lessons. That helped with my exposure to the language and the private classes were helpful in ironing out some issues. I did this for the first three weeks, then extended by a week and "dropped down" to "only" the intensive course, which is plenty. If I were building up for an exam I would definitely pick up the private classes again. And the conversation classes were energetically delivered to give you important insights of Spanish conversational etiquette. Overall, I was able to enjoy lessons taught by patient, *knowledgeable* and kind teachers, who have reminded me about the importance of these characteristics in my own teaching practice. Teaching beginners must be tough and it was done with grace, style, poise and importantly, a smile. Thank you Laura, Carmen, Antonio, Miguel Angel, Nestor, Carol, Jenny, Nerea, and especially Mica and Paula for your infectious energy and humour. ACADEMIC ADMIN The organisation of the timetable and classes was clearly communicated in advance via WhatsApp. I know some people didn't feel as though they were in the right class for their level and changes were made almost instantly to help. This was managed by the academic team. SUPPORT Organising, arriving, and extending my stay was made very easy by the ladies at the front desk, in particular Elena and Roza! Emails were responded to promptly and they were always so helpful. Waving to them in the morning and getting a wave back made things feel a bit more like home! SOCIAL Plenty of opportunities to socialise with others at the school. Most people I attended school with were between 19-25. But there was also a considerable contingent of older pupils too (e.g. 31, 40 and 70!). This is all taken into consideration when forming classes and social activities. There are activities organised by the school for every day of the week. I went during high season (i.e. the summer) so there were a lot of people. Some activities are linked to other language schools which broadens your pool of potential connections. A lot are free. Many are heavily subsidised. Because there is a fluid change of people from week to week the extent to which you find things socialable will depend on who you share your time at the school with. But similarly minded people would pay money to attend a summer school, so it's likely to be fine for you, as it was for me! As an over-27, I was added to a WhatsApp group for additionally organised activities. BOCARIOS (Interns) An excellently led intern team support the activities and were a good group to talk to in general. Very helpful! GENERAL THOUGHTS When in Spain and doing things, there is a naturally occurring opportunity to practice the language. Whether you decide to is your own choice! And indeed your experience in general heavily depends on you 😇 . Approach it with an open heart and fresh eyes.
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Caroline C. Avatar
Caroline C.
I spent one week at Taronja School, studying A1 Spanish and would go back in a heartbeat💕. The small classes were very engaging, and teachers were enthusiastic and caring. Taronja is much more than classes though, every night they had engaging activities where you could practice Spanish with fellow classmates and explore new places all over Valencia, and beyond with the teachers and ambassadors of the school. I had so much fun and met the most wonderful people from all over the world. I am in my 50s which I think is significant because they truly treated every person like family and had a group Buena Vida for people over 27 😂 to connect and be able to do things together. I'm really looking forward to going back In the future. They also have housing at a reasonable rate if you're staying for a longer period of time . Thank you Taronja☀️💐🎉
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Callum McLean Avatar
Callum McLean
I have already studied at Taronja three times now over five years and I can safely say that I would never go ANYWHERE else to learn Spanish! The teachers are brilliant and the atmosphere is super-relaxed, which makes the lessons not only useful but really enjoyable and sociable. The classrooms and the whole building (with terrace and common room) are decorated really colourfully, which makes it a very comfortable and non-imposing environment to learn in - as well as a very central location, which couldn't be easier to get to. But the best thing about Taronja is the team of friendly staff and their regular programme of activities. I almost go more for the social side of things than anything else, because their regular day- and weekend-trips are so much fun that even relatively shy, grumpy people like me can't help but have a fantastic time and leave with a bunch of new international friends. I couldn't recommend Taronja enough! See you there 🙂
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Mezzofanti
5 star rating
Taronja y Valencia - la combinación perfecta para aprender español Los aspectos de Taronja que más me gustan:
- Los profesores creativos, enérgicos y profesionales.
- Un equipo administrativo excelente.
- Un programa social y cultural excepcional.
- Un fuerte sentido de comunidad.
Si buscas una escuela de español que te ofrece instrucción de alta calidad en un entorno eficaz y divertido, deberías pensar en Taronja School. Acabo de cumplir un curso de dos meses y el tiempo ha pasado demasiado rápido. Ha sido una experiencia muy recomendable.
Además de crear un ambiente educativo de alta calidad, Taronja fomenta un sentido de familia que refuerza aún más la experiencia. La comunidad Taronja abraza a los alumnos de todas las edades y todas los niveles de habilidad.
Taronja refleja muchas de las cualidades que me atrajo a Valencia. Es lo suficientemente grande para satisfacer todas las necesidades mientras sigue siendo personal y auténtica. Los profesores y el equipo administrativo son cálidos, abiertos y atentos. Desde mi punto de vista, Taronja y Valencia forman la combinación perfecta para aprender español.
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وسام عبد الصمد Avatar
وسام عبد الصمد
The best language school ever. And I've been to a few to know.
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Kelly Robinson Avatar
Kelly Robinson
I had a fantastic experience at Taronja, I was only there a week, but cannot believe how much my Spanish has improved from a very basic level. Our professors, Pablo & Teresa were wonderful, they made the classes interactive and interesting, and were excellent at making everyone feel welcome. I am already planning my next trip!
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